Vaginal cancer is cancer that begins in the vagina, the muscular passage from the lower part of the uterus to the outside of the body.
The vagina is the muscular passage from the cervix, the lower part of the uterus, to the outside of the body. Vaginal cancer begins in vaginal tissue. The term names the site of the cancer but does not by itself describe its exact type, stage, which describes how far it has spread, or outlook.
No. Human papillomavirus, usually shortened to HPV, is an infection, while vaginal cancer is a diagnosis involving cancerous tissue. An HPV result or an abnormal screening result does not by itself mean that vaginal cancer is present. Clinical investigation is needed to clarify an abnormal finding.

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