TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone

Explanation

TSH is a hormone, a chemical messenger that tells the thyroid gland how much hormone to make. TSH comes from the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. A blood test measures it to help assess how the thyroid is working.

What can a high or low result mean?

A high TSH often suggests that the thyroid is not making enough hormone. A low TSH often suggests the opposite. These patterns have exceptions, including some pituitary problems. TSH alone does not show the cause.

Why might I need another thyroid test?

A clinician may also measure T4, called thyroxine, a hormone made by the thyroid. A free T4 test measures the part not attached to blood proteins. Looking at the results together gives more information than TSH alone.

What else matters when interpreting the result?

Symptoms, medicines, serious illness and pregnancy can affect the assessment. Tell the clinician about medicines and supplements you take. Do not stop prescribed treatment just to change a test result.

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