A Strep A test uses a throat swab to check for group A Streptococcus bacteria that can cause strep throat.
A swab collects material from the back of the throat and tonsils. A rapid test looks for antigens, which are parts of group A strep bacteria. A throat culture checks whether the bacteria grow from the sample.
A rapid test gives an answer sooner. A culture takes longer but may find an infection that a rapid test missed. If the rapid result is negative and strep throat is still suspected, a throat culture may be ordered.
A positive result supports a current group A strep infection in the tested area. A negative result means group A strep was not found by that method. Symptoms still matter because many sore throats are caused by viruses, and another test may be needed when the cause remains unclear.

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