Prolactin blood test
Explanation
Prolactin is a hormone made by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. Its best-known role is helping the breasts make milk after childbirth. A blood test measures prolactin when investigating symptoms such as irregular periods, unexpected milk production or reduced sexual function.
Does a high result mean a tumor?
No. Prolactin normally rises during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Medicines, an underactive thyroid and kidney disease can also raise it. Stress and exercise may cause smaller increases.
One possible cause is a prolactinoma, a usually non-cancerous growth in the pituitary gland that makes prolactin. The blood result alone cannot show which cause applies.
Why might the test be repeated?
Levels change during the day and with the circumstances of collection. A repeat sample may help show whether the increase persists. Other blood tests or a scan may be considered according to the findings.
Follow the timing instructions and tell your clinician about medicines and supplements. Do not stop a prescribed medicine just because it may affect prolactin.
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