Porphyrin Tests
Explanation
Porphyrin tests measure substances involved in making heme. Heme is part of hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. The tests help investigate a group of rare conditions called porphyrias.
Why are different samples used?
Different porphyrias affect heme production in different ways. Blood, urine or stool may be tested, depending on the suspected condition. One urine test cannot detect every type of porphyria.
Are PBG and ALA the same as porphyrins?
No. Porphobilinogen, or PBG, and aminolevulinic acid, or ALA, are substances formed earlier in heme production. They are related to porphyrins but are measured by distinct tests. Your report should identify which substances and sample were tested.
What can an abnormal result mean?
Raised porphyrins can occur with porphyria, but other causes are possible. Some medicines and alcohol can also raise urine porphyrins. A high result alone does not establish a particular porphyria.
Doctors consider the pattern of results, your symptoms and when the sample was taken. Further tests may be needed to clarify the cause. Follow the collection instructions for your particular test; urine is not always collected over a full day.
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