Parainfluenza tests look for human parainfluenza viruses in a respiratory sample. These viruses are different from influenza viruses.
A sample from the respiratory tract can be tested for human parainfluenza viruses. A molecular test looks for the virus’s genetic material. Parainfluenza is a different group of viruses from influenza, despite the similar name. The test may be included in a panel that checks for several respiratory viruses at once.
A detected result shows that viral genetic material was found in the sample. It does not by itself show how severe an illness is or prove that the detected virus explains every symptom. A negative result does not completely rule out infection, so clinicians also consider symptoms, sample quality, and the stage of the illness.

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