GFR and eGFR: kidney filtration
Explanation
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) describes how well the kidneys filter the blood. Most reports show an estimated value, called eGFR. It is calculated from a blood marker, often creatinine, rather than measured directly.
What goes into the estimate?
Creatinine is a waste product from muscles that the kidneys remove from blood. A calculation uses its level and information such as age to estimate filtration. Sometimes another blood marker, cystatin C, is used, alone or with creatinine.
Muscle size and other factors can affect creatinine, so an unexpected result may need further assessment.
How is a low result interpreted?
A lower eGFR can suggest reduced kidney filtration. The result needs to be considered with earlier values and other evidence rather than treated as a complete diagnosis.
A urine test for albumin, a blood protein, looks for a different sign of kidney damage. Your clinician may consider both tests when assessing kidney health. Ask whether the value has changed and whether urine testing or a repeat blood test is needed.
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