G6PD test
Explanation
A glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) test checks the activity of a protein that helps protect red blood cells from damage. Too little activity can mean G6PD deficiency, an inherited condition in which certain triggers can cause red blood cells to break down.
Why does the result matter?
Many people with G6PD deficiency feel well until a trigger, such as an infection, certain medicines or fava beans, causes red cells to break down. This breakdown is called hemolysis. If the body cannot replace the cells fast enough, anemia can develop, meaning there are too few healthy red blood cells.
Can a normal result miss a deficiency?
Yes. During or soon after an episode of red-cell breakdown, the test can look normal. A high proportion of young red cells or a recent blood transfusion can also hide a deficiency. The clinician may arrange a repeat test or a genetic test when the result does not fit the history.
Using the result safely
Tell your care team about recent transfusions and episodes of dark urine or yellowing of the eyes. If deficiency is confirmed, ask which medicines and other triggers you need to avoid.
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