Diabetic Foot Exam

Explanation

A diabetic foot exam is a structured check of the skin, nails, shape, sensation, reflexes, and blood flow in the feet of a person with diabetes.

Why are diabetic foot exams done?

Diabetes can damage nerves and reduce blood flow in the feet. This raises the risk that a small injury develops into an ulcer, which is an open sore, or an infection. Finding problems early can guide preventive care and follow-up.

What does the clinician examine?

The exam checks the skin and nails for wounds or infection, looks at the shape of the feet, and assesses circulation. It also checks reflexes and sensation using simple tools or touch.

Why can a wound be painless?

Nerve damage can reduce the ability to feel pain, pressure, heat, or injury. A lack of pain therefore does not rule out a wound or other foot problem.

What happens after the exam?

The findings help estimate the risk of ulcers and infection. Depending on the result, next steps may include foot-care advice, more frequent checks, treatment of a problem, or referral for specialist care.

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